Business Communication Essay Example for Free

Business Communication Essay ?Introduction In this assignment I am required to explain the different types of business information used by the business organisation that I have chosen for example; verbal, written, non-verbal, non-written, multimedia etc. I will also be writing their sources and purposes and analysing the different types of information. I will then evaluate the appropriateness of business information used to make strategic decisions. The business that I have chosen is Sainsbury’s. Sainsbury’s is a public limited company (PLC). It is the second largest chains of supermarkets in the United Kingdom in the retailing business. Sainsbury’s was first established with a shop in Drury Lane, and then became the largest grocery retailer in 1922. Sainsbury’s provides food and drink, home and garden, technology, toys, entertainment, clothing and much more for their customers. This comes under the tertiary sector business that provides a valuable service that customers and other businesses are prepared to pay for. From where they had first started throughout the years they have expanded it by selling different varieties of products to satisfy their customers as well as giving them new products to purchase. Types of Information Source Purpose Analysis Verbal- Face to face communication about sales reports between staff and sales manager (meetings). Internal Source- Marketing Department. This is because this department deals with sales as they can give information about the results of research undertaken by Sainsbury’s. Face to face discussions could be used by the marketing department to explain/update by communicating sales promotions. Using this opportunity through the meeting the sales manager will also have an overview of how well the employees are doing their job. It is important for Sainsbury’s to have face to face meetings about sales reports often, so that the company itself knows what needs to be improved and how they are progressing currently. Marketing department helps  this type of verbal communication by updating the company using promotions and sales so they can achieve more profit for themselves and shareholders. Verbal-A telephone conversation about a customer enquiring about a product (staff helping a customer through telephone line checking if the product that customer wants is in stock). External Source- Customer Services Department. This is because customer services deals with customer’s issues or any enquiries they might have to do with the products or the store they can speak to a Sainsbury’s representative. A telephone conversation could be used by the customer’s services department to inform future developments on customer’s response to existing products and services. However Sainsbury’s doesn’t just deal with products, they deal with different types on insurances, mobiles, recruitment and so on. It is important for Sainsbury’s to have telephone conversations with customers because this way they are able to know customer’s opinions about certain topics and anything they would like to enquire about it e.g. products, services Sainsbury’s provide. The customer services department helps this type of communication by informing staff and managers about future developments. Verbal-Speeches about expanding on areas that need s improvement (increasing an amount of tills to avoid customers waiting for a long period of time in the queue). Internal Source- Production Department. This is in this specific department because with production they are able to know what areas need improving and so along with past and future levels of production, this department knows how to deal with it in detail. They are able to know what kind of costs Sainsbury’s will be dealing with in order to expand tills which will then move on to the marketing department. Speeches about expanding on areas that need improvement could be used by inviting support for activities so that Sainsbury’s can avoid bad service coming from their employees. This means an explanation needs to be given to employees and others as it is important for them to know why this new improvement in the business is happening. It is important for Sainsbury’s to have speeches on areas that need improvement because in order for the company to expand and improve, improvement on  amount of tills to avoid customers not only helps improve the company but attra cts more new and existing customers too. Also the production department can help as they can specify what areas need to be developed and write in detail about the costs and spacing will be needed to create the new tills for the store. Written-Web-based information about employment and recruitment (information of the company’s website about vacancies available). Internal Source- Human Resources. This is based in this department because human resources can provide information about the staffing and training within Sainsbury’s. Web-based information displays many benefits of multimedia technology. Web-based information about recruitment can be used by human resources to update knowledge and offer employment through multimedia technology. Sainsbury’s website gives different varieties of choices of job roles. They also provide specific searches to allow the people look for a specific store to work in and the kind of the job role they want. It is important for Sainsbury’s to have web based information about employment and recruitment because this helps the company employ people to work for them. It gives a chance for people to use the website find out what kind of vacancies the company has going on and what sort of rules too. It is important that the human resources department deals with this type of communication as they are aware of what kind of resources is needed to create/improve the website. Written-On screen information about sales, advertising, products and promotions on certain products (e.g. food, homecare, TU clothing etc). Internal Source- Marketing Department. This is sectioned in this department because marketing campaigns, promotions and information about the market, Sainsbury’s can take care of this department well. On screen information about sales and promotions could be used by inviting support for activities for a primary purpose of making a profit. By inviting support for activities they can increase more sales on other products to make more profit. It is important for Sainsbury’s to have on screen information about sales, advertising and promotions on products because with promotions on products the company not only will be able to expand by attracting more customers, b ut they will also be gaining more profit which means more shareholders too. It is important that the marketing department deals with advertising, sales and promotions, because they can give information about the results of research they  undertake, which means they can see what their competitors are doing and how their own company can make improvements. Written-Emails for queries regarding certain topics customer’s would like to discuss (Sainsbury’s bank, recruitment and website technical queries etc). External Source- Customer services department. This is based in the customer services department because consumers are able to discuss what kind of issues they want to with the company. Emails for queries regarding certain topics customers would like to discuss, could be used by informing future developments. This is because a business cannot develop and grow more than how much Sainsbury’s is wanting and aiming for if they do not hear what their customers have to say and so emails is one of the communication techniques so that Sainsbury’s can know their views on certain things. It is important that the company lets customers have access to emailing Sainsbury’s for any kind of queries customers would like to discuss. This is because their opinions and allowing them to express their views will help Sai nsbury’s improve/expand. If Sainsbury’s do this customers will feel satisfied that their opinions are being heard and action is being taken. Also it is important that the customer services department deal with this type of communication because Sainsbury’s can give consumers the information they are wanting to know about existing products or even providing a service. Non-Verbal-Deaf person wanting to know which isle in the store is a product in (asking a staff member). External Source-Human Resources. This is located in this department because employees within the stores can help customers who are deaf and wanting a product within the store hence asking help from a staff member. A deaf person wanting to know where a product is in the store could be used by inviting support for activities as information is very important and needs to be required through communications in order to support the business and keeping it running and successful. However for deaf people Sainsbury’s can hire employees that can communicate with deaf people using sign language. It is important in Sainsbury’s that a deaf person wanting to know where certain things are the employees of this company can help them. By doing this Sainsbury’s are able to show that they provide a service that many other stores might not offer. It is important that it is located in the human resources department because employees who can do sign language can help give information towards the customers who are deaf. Some of these  employees might need training for this and human resources department are able to sort that out for them. Multi-Media- PowerPoint presentation showing sales figures (how much profit they have made within 2 months). Internal Source- Finance Department. This is in this department because they will have information relating to Sainsbury’s performance including profit and loss figures, balance sheet and the costs of running Sainsbury’s. PowerPoint presentation showing sales figures could be used by updating knowledge for seeing how much profit they have made during a period of time. This is because so they can know what needs to be done IF they are making less profit. It also updates knowledge to see how well they are doing within sales figures. This is important in Sainsbury’s because PowerPoint presentations that show sales figures allows the company to know how much profit they have made and how well they are doing currently. It is important that the finance department deals with this because they will have an amount of information that includes costs, sales and how much profit the company is making.

Essay --

Spinal Muscular Atrophy, also known as â€Å"SMA† is a genetic and also a motor neuron disease that affects the area of the nervous system that controls your voluntary muscle movements such as walking, crawling, and swallowing. When someone acquires this condition their muscles start to shrink as a cause to the muscles not receiving signals from the nerve cells in the spine that control function. Spinal Muscular Atrophy is a rare but serious condition. Spinal Muscular Atrophy affects about 8 out of every 100,000 live births and also causes death among more babies than any other genetic disease out there. About one in every forty people has this gene in them but may not have SMA so they are a genetic carrier. But in order for a child to have SMA, both parents have to carry the mutated gene and passed it to the child. Therefore this causes the child to have double copies of the abnormal gene. About 1 in 40 men and 1 in 80 women are carriers of the gene. Survival Motor Neurons are a protein that is produced by the survival motor neuron gene 1. The SMN protein is found all over the body, especially containing high levels in the spinal cord. This protein is important for maintaining specialized nerve cells called motor neurons that are located in the spinal cord and brainstem. When a person have An abnormal or missing SMN1 it causes serious problems due to the fact it isn’t receiving the proper communication from these cells resulting in nerve cells shrinking and over time dying. SMA is broken down into having four types. In order to determine the type you have is based on the physical achievement because each person is different. SMA is not a progressive disease, although over time people with this lose ability to coordinate due ... ...can see if this condition runs in the family. A physical examination is a good way to tell is there is any type of muscle weakness or spinal curvature. Treatment for Spinal Muscular Atrophy is currently unavailable to correct this condition. But a person can take other steps to try to help comfort the situation they are in but there is no stopping it. Physical therapy is important because it can help work the muscle to prevent contraction of them. Breathing machines are an important to have because a lot of trouble falls under the breathing when the weakness of these muscles occurs. In conclusion there are a lot of conditions to be aware of that people don’t really think of. It is important to take precautions and pay attention to symptoms and conditions are body shows us. And get educated about different disease out there to protect our families and ourselves.

Trail of Tears

Reading Analysis Guide: Trail of Tears Part A The author, Dee Brown, gives a brief description about Andrew Jackson’s policy on Indian removal in order to gain popularity and power. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the cause and effects of â€Å"Indian Removal† during Jackson’s terms, ultimately creating the â€Å"Trail of Tears. † As early as the colonial period Indian removal was evident, Brown claims. Indians never really got along with white settlers, and even if they tried to resolve the conflicts, it would fail.Indian Removal calmed down over time but in 1828, Andrew Jackson ran for president and immediately knew he would have to wipe out the frontier states. He made a treaty in which the Indians had to remove themselves from the states and move west toward the Mississippi. On there â€Å"trip† to the Mississippi, Indians faced many hardships that included starvation, death, and disease. Part B I feel that all the information given wa s germane and strengthened the chapter as a whole.The strongest points are found when the author talks about the history of Indian Removal. He states that mistreatment of Indians was evident as early as the Colonial Period. I think starting from the historical view of Indian removal made the story flow well and did a good job at catching the reader’s attention. Brown also tells about how the Indians were in America first, and over the years they began ceding their land and adapting to the â€Å"white man’s way. † Part CThe Trial of Tears reminds me of the Taiwan and China during the domination of Chiang Kai-Sheik and Mao Zedong. Chiang Kai-Sheik was apart of the Kuomintang (KMT), while Mao was apart of the Communist Party of China. This can be compared to the Trail of Tears , because neither Chiang nor Mao would accept each other, which reflects the relationship of the Indians and the white settlers in the states. As a result , Chiang moved to Taiwann and declar ed independence from China causing the ROC, while Mao ruled just the mainland of China.Some of the same aspects occurred during this time period as in the Trail of Tears. Chiang are like the Indians, while Mao is like Andrew Jackson (along with the white settlers). Although Chiang and Mao had conflicts, no major violence occurred, however during the Indian Removal period you had the Black Hawk War and rebellions by the Indians. Also, Mao did not force Chiang to move, but Andrew did force the Indians.

A Financial Report on Al Tayer Motors - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1033 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Case study Did you like this example? Introduction: Al Tayer Motors is a well-known company established and recognized in 1982. The company comprises of 5million subscribers at the end of March 2012. It is recorded that the company launched mobile phone telecommunication service across the UAE at the ending of February 2007 and it had added about 1.90 million mobile consumers in between 1 year. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Financial Report on Al Tayer Motors" essay for you Create order In the previous year the revenue of $1.10 billion was 158% up and about. Identical with superiority, elevated standards of service and international foremost brands, the 2,200-sturdy Al Tayer Motors team glance following transaction and service for Lincoln, Spyker, Ford, Ferrari, Maserati, Land Rover and Jaguar.Though the company has achieved abundant sales and service rewards that are evidence to the devotion and performance of its team of expertize. Al Tayer Motors has been well-known for the profession fairs all the way through the UAE to confine the concentration of youthful Emiratis. The company has been mixed up in numerous corporate governance programmes in the Middle East, UAE and the USA; endorsing most excellent custom through sponsorships , workshops and many other projects (altayer, 2015). 1. In 2012 the company attained the Top International Dealer for the company. The company provides major American and European automobile producer such as Lincoln, Ford, Land Rover, Maserati, Ferrari , Spyker and Jaguar inside Dubai., Al Tayer Motors also offers carrier services andoperates most important, quality-focused commerceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s in automobile deal and service, lavishness and lifestyle sell, perfumes and make-up distribution, manufacturing as well as interiors constricting.Additionally, the company provides its merchandise and services at 3500 authorise than traders in the UAEand throughout its shops. The Ford Otosan is one of the biggest competitors of AL Tayer Motord (roushperformance, 2015). 2. In 2013, Al Tayer Motors attained more than AED 14.16 billion of revenue at an raise of 13.16% on 2012. The company obtained 1,241,551 net recent mobile consumers and they approximate taken as a whole market share as 46.8% and worth share as 31.6% in their Secure Financial Statements for 2013. Financial Resultsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Al Tayer Motors annual report 2013 in AED millions is: 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 8,339 10,074 11,855 (Gross); 11,539 (Net) 13,157 (Gross); 10,842 (Net) 14,160 (Gross); 11,810 (Net) The financial experts quoted that Al Tayer Motors fulfils their objectives to provide a constantly superb services to their consumers and offera secure and healthy environment for their employees and add to the expansion of the UAEà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s financial system. Financial experts mentioned that the company will gain huge profits in the upcoming year. In the next 12 months with an increase in revenue of 15%. As per the source of journals and many other business sources, it is claimed that the company will rise its business in the upcoming years, as their products are very well-known and their services are excellent to the customers, wheras they provides an superb environments for their staff members for work (GulfBase, 2012). 3. The company is built on basics that are prosperous in history and convention. It is a predicting culture, which think about its future at the similar time it is similarly clear to its heritage and customs. AlTayerMotorsisÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€š  ©completelyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©committedÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©toÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©theÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©utmostÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©principlesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©ofÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©ethicalÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©behaviourÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©inÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©on the trotÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©of itsÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ©trade and in the special performance of its employees, associates of the Management Group and associates of Board of Directors and has concerned this Code to offer supervision as an employee to maintain this principles. The company observed huge increase of revenue in the consequent years, which expands the business as well as productions. Yes the Al Tayer Motors is highly ethical company. As the company is highly ethical, with most important players being mainly government possessed. There is minute real competition, with the alternative of supplier generally strong-minded by geographic place. Al Tayer Motors characteristically has a domination on freezones. Though, the company received a wide range of publicity from media and social media as, it is a wide-ranging and highly contemporary impression of present developments all through the region. Each and every media of UAE, recognized Al Tayer Motors as a leading Motor Company. Al Tayer Motors is in good position to guide awareness structure, between pertinent stakeholders on the significance of dipping green house gas release. They proclaimed themselves to be the superior service provider through UAE, and stakeholderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s opinions have estimated significant designed for the company to address are represented in the formation of a materiality atmosphere, which direct their policy and precedences of their resulting performance (zawya, 2014). 4. The company position is well-known for its success over the years on environmental is sues. Its employees are satisfied with the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ behaviour. The company is in good position to guide awareness structure, between pertinent stakeholders on the significance of dipping green house gas release. The company received a wide range of publicity due to its actions over the release of green house gas. No the company is not been criticized by the public for its environmental efforts (Jones, 2012). 5. No, there are no significant events that might affect the overall value of the company. As there are price competition exist in the market. No, the company I registered company, and donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t have a trouble with the government, as the company is fully certified by the government and maintain all types of litigation with the government. No, Al Tayer Motors doesnot obstruct any rules of the government and follows all rules and regulation. Therefore, no fines for bad business has been recorded. 6. Though, Al Tayer Motors is well-known co mpany located in UAE. Its standards of business is very good, as it doesnot cheat any employees or customers. It maintain its companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s rule and regulation and provide superior quality products to the customers and attain customer satisfaction. Moreover, the employees are happy to work in a healthy environment (altayer, 2015). References: altayer. (2015). Al Tayer Company Profile. Retrieved from altayer: https://www.altayer.com/ GulfBase. (2012, July 03). Dubai Financial Market Jul02,2012 Fundamental Data Price Performance Ratio Analysis April 24, 2012. Retrieved from aadilsardar: https://issuu.com/aadilsardar/docs/2_07-02-2012 Jones, R. (2012, May 21). Car sales accelerate at Al Tayer Motors in UAE. Retrieved from thenational: https://www.thenational.ae/business/retail/car-sales-accelerate-at-al-tayer-motors-in-uae roushperformance. (2015, April 17). Al Tayer Motors Recognized as Top International ROUSH Dealership with 310% sales increase. Retrieved from roushperformance: https://www.roushperformance.com/blog/2015/04/al-tayer-motors-recognized-top-international-roush-dealership-310-sales-increase/ zawya. (2014, November 14). Al Tayer Motors LLC . Retrieved from zawya: https://www.zawya.com/middle-east/company/profile/1001140/Al_Tayer_Motors_LLC/ 1 | Page

Fahrenheit 451 Knowledge and Ignorance - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 483 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/04/10 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: Fahrenheit 451 Essay Ray Bradbury Essay Did you like this example? Knowledge is a familiarity understanding of someone or something which is acquired by experience or education by perceiving. It is known as the body of truth, information and principles. Knowledge applies to fact acquired, observing and experiencing which one can do by reading and studying. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Fahrenheit 451: Knowledge and Ignorance" essay for you Create order In the book Fahrenheit 451 society has a huge impact if someone has knowledge or is seem bright because then they will not be equal as everyone else. This world is based upon a socially equality society. This society gains equality without education because citizens will not have a higher IQ than others. It as well gains no responsibility and sensibility. In the novel Fahrenheit 451 Guy known as Montag is a book burning robot he reports to work, copes with his suicidal wife and walks through his television obsessed world. Montag does not realize the harm he is doing nor cares. Although his 17 year old neighbor Clarisse shakes Montag out of his stupor. And I thought about books. And for the first time I realized that a man was behind each one of the books (Bradburry 49). Montag realizes that books have value and starts to understand why people read them in the first place. Clarisse has an extraordinary imagination and a passion for observation, she indirectly forces Guy to examine the world around him and inspires him to take action. Montag starts to steal and read books for himself which leads him to danger. Causing his wife to leave him because their house is ruined. She ran past with her body stiff, her face floured with powder, her mouth gone, without lipstick climbed in the beetle and sat mumbling poor family, poor family, oh everything gone (Bradbury 114). Montags wife Mildred refers to the items in the house when she says everything gone not caring she lost her husband. Mildred caring more for the items in their home than her husband says a lot about their society because it shows how items are more valuable than family. The people you shared memories with and spent a life with is not as important than items. Bradbury tries to get readers attention convey how our society will become if we let technology take control. Which is not true because although technology is really advance now people still have sentametle feelings and their knowledge is not limited. Overall the difference between Montag society and now is how they feel knowledge is to powerful and everyone should stay equal. We stand against the small tide of those who want to make everyone unhappy with conflicting theory and thought (Bradbury 59). Captain Baily point of view on books is how unhappy it would make people feel therefore they should fix their problem by burning rather than facing it. This statement is different from society today because we live in a world where we have to be responsible and face our consequences rather than avoiding and fleeing.

Where the Red Fern Grows Essay - 1772 Words

Where the Red Fern Grows I cannot remember the first time I read Where the Red Fern Grows, by Wilson Rawls. I read it at about age ten, and I have lost count of how many times I read it since. It was a period in my life when childhood was nearly over, but adolescence had not yet set in, and it was a time when animals were my greatest love. Where the Red Fern Grows is a novel about a young boy and his two dogs, but to an animal-lover, it is much more. The story is told in the first person narrative, by an adult reminiscing about his childhood; the reader experiences life through the eyes of an eleven year old boy living in the Ozark Mountains of Arkansas. Over the boys shoulder, an older narrator frequently†¦show more content†¦As a child I read Where the Red Fern Grows for its adventures and the profound love Billy has for his two dogs. Billy and his dogs go hunting every night and play in the river during the day. Since I felt I was somewhat of a tomboy, and had two dogs of my own, this greatly appealed to me. The suspense I felt whenever the dogs treed a coon, or the time Grandpa was lost in the blizzard and the dogs found him, never ceased each time I read the book. As I re-read it now, however, I can see that there are many more factors that appealed to me, but I did not realize it at the time. This is a book about love -- not only human love for an animal, but the love of a parent for a child, a man for his home, and a special love between two animals. Billys family is extremely close-knit. His mother teaches Billy and his two sisters to read and write because the school is too far away, and when he turns eleven. Billys father lets him help out in the fields. To complete the happy nest. Grandpa lives right down the road, and has the family over every Sunday afternoon for supper. There is security in this atmosphere of love. After leaving home for three days to pick up the puppies, Billys mother breaks down and cries at his return -- this is punishment enough for Billy, and heShow MoreRelatedWhere the Red Fern Grows919 Words   |  4 PagesWhere the Red Fern Grows by Fgosal Where the Red Fern Grows tells about a man named Billy Colman, whose mind drifted away back on his boyhood memories when he got his dogs. The young Billy was a boy who wanted two coon hunting dogs of his own more than anything in the world. He worked very hard by selling wares and saved money to pursue his dreams. After two years, he finally had enough money for two dogs. Billy made a difficult journey to get his dogs. 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Radar in the Modern World Essay Example For Students

Radar in the Modern World Essay Scott MartinD. HylandEnglish 192Research PaperRadar in the Modern WorldRadar is usually taken for granted in these days of modern technology. Many people do not know how radar is really used, how it works, or why we need it. People are familiar with several uses of radar like police enforcement radar guns and radar that measures how fast a baseball is pitched in a major league game. These are only a few of the many uses radar has to offer. Radar can determine several properties of an object from a distance, such as its position, speed, direction of travel, and shape; it can also detect objects out of the range of sight in all weather conditions, making it a fundamental utility for many industries. The term radar actually came from the acronym representing RAdio Detection And Ranging. Radar is a detection system used to locate and identify objects. Simply put, radar is the process in which radio waves are emitted from the source of the system; those waves ricochet off objects in their path, and the radar system detects the echoes of signals that return. One would think that so important a contribution to the worlds technology would be chronicled with great care at every stepThis, unfortunately, is not the case, and for reasons quite understandable (Page 14). Sometimes history can be hard to distinguish from truth and legend, the history of radar is no exception. Many contributions have been made to the development of radar over the years. For many years prior and during the Second World War, radar was considered a top-secret military tool. Once it was made public, people used the existing information about radar to come up with their own variations for different applications. A s a result, the true origin of radar has become blurred within conflicting claims. Radar can be traced back as far as 1832 when British physicist Michael Faraday suggested the existence of an electromagnetic field between certain objects from his scientific observations. Working from these ideas, British physicist James Clerk Maxwell predicted mathematically the existence and behavior of radio waves in 1873. In 1886, physicist Heinrich Hertz from Germany and Elihu Thomson from America confirmed the existence of radio waves with demonstrations showing examples of reflection, refraction, and direction finding of radio waves. By 1904, Christian Hulsmeyer, a German inventor, applied for a patent for a device that used radio waves in a collision-avoidance device for ships. Hulsmeyers system was not very accurate and only signaled when two ships radio waves were in concurrent directions, which meant that they were headed directly for each other; however, it was only effective for a range of one mile. His detection device worked off the ships existing low-frequency radios which did not travel very far. In June of 1922, Italian radio expert, Guglielmo Marconi drew attention to the fact that he had observed the reflection of high-frequency waves by metallic objects many miles away (Page 183); soon after this discovery, many people from around the world began developing devices to use this discovery for navigation purposes . The first true discovery of radar was in September of 1922 when Americans Albert H. Taylor and Leo C. Young observed the interruption of high frequency radio communication by ship passing between transmitter and receiver. They also observed beats produced by large objects when they moved within the transmission area (between the source and receiver). Taylor and Young named it the beat method for a reason. While working with a high frequency radio communication from opposing sides of a river in New York, the normal steady tone that they were working on suddenly grew twice in loudness then faded into nothing. A short time after, the tone grew back to twice its original loudness, and then back down to its original decibel level. In curiosity, the men looked out to see that a large steam boat had just passed through their line of radio signal causing the gap in radio contact. Since both men were employed by the U.S. Navy, they knew the difficulties the navy had with guarding a harbor in low visibility (Page 21). At that moment, the first practical use of radar was born. Radar was still in its infancy, but ideas were showing up everywhere. In 1930, Young and Lawrence A. Hyland were studying at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, experimenting with a short-wave transmitter and receiver over several miles. The receiver started to pick up unusual reception, and the tone fluctuated up and down. Looking for what was wrong, Hyland checked and rechecked all the possibilities. Finally, he discovered that at every instance the mysterious ac tion took place, an airplane was flying overhead. With this new discovery, radar became a known science, and the military set up a formalized project titled Detection of Enemy Vessels and Aircraft by Radio (Page 26). These two discoveries by Young, Taylor, and Hyland were crucial in the development of the original form of radar. Without these discoveries, there would be no radar. Miles Davis Persuasive EssayThe implications of radar are unimaginably diverse, from police enforcement for speed all the way to satellite imaging. One of the most common encounters with radar people deal with is police-issued radar guns. Law enforcement officers use radar in order to tell them how fast drivers are traveling. Police must aim the radar at a reflective surface, such as a piece of metal on a car, and the gun picks up the returning waves; the returned waves are measured and calculated internally using the Doppler Principle. Doppler radar is used in many ways, and the most common way people encounter is on the television. The news at five oclock always shows the weather predictions for the upcoming days. The meteorologist shows several images of the United States. What he/she shows are the weather movements. They can easily look up weather movements using satellite imaging and radar. This radar is called Doppler Radar; it uses electric pulses out into the atmosphere almost constantly. The radar that returns is from the raindrops within a cloud. They can create a digital picture of the cloud shape from the different lengths of the returned microwaves. Over time, the cloud(s) move, and the radar in conjunction with satellite imaging, which also uses radar, creates a picture on a computer screen in turn, showed on viewers home televisions. Viewers are now accustomed to seeing the forecasts with the radar-produced images. Some consider radar the most useful tool in warfare. During World War II, both sides used radar as a fairly accurate indicator of location. Radar prevented the enemy from carrying out surprise aerial attacks. One thing that the radar could not yet perform is distinguish between friendly aircraft, enemy aircraft, or even a large flock of birds. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1945 was a complete surprise on the Pacific fleet because the soldiers watching the radar saw the incoming aircraft and assumed it to be their own array of bombers returning early. Needless to say, radar has improved over the last 60 years. Military today depends on radar for more information today then they ever did before. Radar can be in fixed positions, mobile units, or even satellites. The element of surprise is a great advantage in military tactics, and the removal of the surprise can be quite beneficial to the defender. Military uses radar for two main reasons: to constantly scan for enemies or to pinpoint potential targets. It is extremely effective in both applications. Another effect radar has on the world is through the applications in aviation. Used all over the world in thousands of airports, radar has increased safety by an immeasurable degree. Depending on how large the airport may be, it could have its own radar system. Air traffic control uses radar to see aircrafts locations. Using the information about the location of the aircraft, the Air Traffic Control man/woman can direct the individual aircraft out of harms way. Several aircraft today, especially military, have display screens showing where other aircraft are. Even though they can see where the other aircraft is, the radar system is on the ground in a fixed point. Truly understanding how radar works takes a lot of dedication to the subject. Calculus and trigonometry are involved with the processing of radar. Many people have dedicated their lives to further understanding radar because of their interests. Throughout the world, radar has countless uses ranging from measuring how fast pitchers can throw the ball during a baseball game, what the weather is going to be, how fast a car is going down a street, and to the extremes of pinpointing the position of enemy defense posts. Without radar, life would not be the same. WORKS CITEDBritannica Concise Encyclopedia. 2004. Encyclopedia Britannica. 12 Oct. 2004 . Brookner, Eli. Radar Technology. Dedham, Eng. Artech, 1977. Cole, Henry W., Understanding RADAR. London: Collins, 1985. CopRadar.com. 1999. 26 Oct. 2004 . Freeman, Tony. What Is Imaging Radar? Jet Propulsion Laboratory-NASA. 26 Oct. 2004. . 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